ABSTRACT

The gold, silver, copper, iron and lead ones were mined in Anatolia in the early periods. The main row material necessary for manufacture in metal workshops was metal. Metal would be supplied as ingots, most often imported of copper, tin, lead and other metals. On the basis of ownership of property, workshops may be classified as private, owned by the state and owned by a temple. From the point of view of seasonality of activity, settled locality and distribution of production the following types of workshops may be distinguished; 1) those working without interruption in a town or large settlement, oriented to mass consumption, but including workshops fulfilling small orders, 2) temporary workshops, 3) travelling workshops. The increase of serial production in Hellenistic metalworking and thus the further division of labour within workshops is shown by the casting of separate details- arms, legs, drapery- of bronze statuettes. The craftsmen of different origins worked together in such workshops. These workshops did not drop their links with their mother cities. They also met the demand of the barbarian hinterland for Greek luxury bronze vessels, like those found in Celtic, Thracian and Scythian tumuli. In the Hellenistic period remarkable metalworking schools emerged on the periphery of the Greek world, combining styles and techniques borrowed from Greek Hellenistic, Near Eastern and even Central Asian art